Automatic merge from submit-queue (batch tested with PRs 47619, 47951, 46260, 48277)

[Federation] Convert the deployment controller to a sync controller.

This is based off of the work done for the ReplicaSet controller. It extracts out a schedulingAdapter that handles the shared logic between the two controllers.

Targets #40989

**Release note**:

```release-note
NONE
```