Automatic merge from submit-queue (batch tested with PRs 57502, 57543). If you want to cherry-pick this change to another branch, please follow the instructions <a href="https://github.com/kubernetes/community/blob/master/contributors/devel/cherry-picks.md">here</a>.

Support multiple scale sets in Azure cloud provider

**What this PR does / why we need it**:

This PR adds multiple scale sets support in Azure cloud provider.

**Which issue(s) this PR fixes** *(optional, in `fixes #<issue number>(, fixes #<issue_number>, ...)` format, will close the issue(s) when PR gets merged)*:
Continue of #43287.

**Special notes for your reviewer**:

- Adds a local cache of basic scale sets information
- Update the cache when new nodes are not found or periodically
- Since azure doesn't support getting the scale set which contains the node, the cache is updated via listing all scale sets and their virtual machines

**Release note**:

```release-note
Support multiple scale sets in Azure cloud provider.
```

/assign @brendandburns @andyzhangx