Automatic merge from submit-queue (batch tested with PRs 37228, 40146, 40075, 38789, 40189)

kubeadm: add optional self-hosted deployment

**What this PR does / why we need it**: add an optional self-hosted deployment type to `kubeadm`, for master components only, namely `apiserver`, `controller-manager` and `scheduler`.

**Which issue this PR fixes**: closes #38407

**Special notes for your reviewer**: /cc @aaronlevy @luxas @dgoodwin

**Release note**:
```release-note
kubeadm: add optional self-hosted deployment for apiserver, controller-manager and scheduler.
```